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Women in Turkmenistan
The role of women in Turkmenistan has never conformed to Western stereotypes about Muslim women. Although a division of labor exists and women usually are not visible actors in political affairs outside the home, Turkmen women have never worn a veil similar to that of the women of some of its neighboring countries.〔 As Turkmenistan is a tribal nation, customs regarding women can vary within the country: for example, women in the eastern part of the country are permitted to drink some alcohol whereas women who live in the central portion of the country, particularly those of the Tekke tribe, are not permitted to imbibe alcohol. Most women possess a host of highly specialized skills and crafts, especially those connected with the household and its maintenance.〔 During the Soviet period, women assumed responsibility for the observance of some Muslim rites to protect their husbands' careers.〔 Many women entered the work force out of economic necessity, a factor that disrupted some traditional family practices and increased the incidence of divorce.〔 At the same time, educated urban women entered professional services and careers.〔
== Cultural significance of women in Turkmenistan ==
Cooking is the main field of work for women in an independent area. Some households have a small room for making food and keeping utensils. Neighbors or relatives sometimes arrive unasked to assist in housework, or they may bring their own household tasks to work on together and socialize. Food preparation is done in the open air. Tasks, such as smoking meat and popping corn, are done by men and often turn into a social opportunity.〔Genté, Régis. “Second-class citizens.” 17 June 2013. ''Chronicles of Turkmenistan.'' Web. 30 October 2015.〕
Women are expected to maintain a distance in regards to gender. Men and women might sit and eat in one place, but they are segregated during social occasions. Some women carry on the practice of wearing a yaşmak,head scarf, in the initial year after they are wed. The wife clenches the corner of her scarf in her teeth to show a significant barrier toward the male guests and to show respect to her parents-in-law. The scarf also stops her from communicating. The wife may stop covering her head with a yaşmak after a year of her wedding, after the birth of her first born,or by a decision within the family.〔Countries and their Cultures. “TÜrkmenistan.” 2015. ''Countries and their Cultures.'' Web. 30 October 2015.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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